The percutaneous common femoral vein catheter for volume replacement in critically injured patients.

Abstract

The acquisition of venous access with the potential for massive volume infusion can be a major determinant in the survival of a critically injured patient. A percutaneously placed 8.5 Fr common femoral vein catheter (CFVC) was inserted in 366 patients in whom upper extremity veins were unavailable or inadequate for volume resuscitation. Flow rates were further maximized by replacing standard intravenous tubing with genitourinary irrigating tubing (GIT). Infusion rates of up to 1,622 cc/minute (one liter in 37 seconds) of lactated Ringer's solution were achieved in this group of patients with a mean Trauma Score of 9.3 and a mean Injury Severity Score of 32.1. Although 90% of trauma patients can be managed with a peripheral vein catheter, venous access in patients with the potential need for massive volume infusion can be achieved in a rapid, safe, and efficient manner using the CFVC in conjunction with the GIT. We conclude that this system can be used effectively in trauma patients with hemodynamic instability, unavailable or inaccessible upper extremity veins, suspected cervicothoracic major vascular injury and when massive volume or blood replacement is anticipated.