The percolation theory in studying the morphology of polymer networks formed by photopolymerization of dental dimethacrylates

Abstract

Atomic force microscopy (AFM), percolation parameters (the percolation probability (P) and the length of percolation path (L)) are used to characterize the morphology of dimethacrylate polymer networks. They are produced from dimethacrylates, popular in restorative dentistry, by photoinduced homo- and copolymerizations. The combination of the material morphology visualization tool and the advanced calculation methodology, based on the theory of percolation, delivers new data regarding the structure of polymer networks and their mechanical performance. Extending the knowledge of fracture propagation and its mechanism is of special interest. The results show that the percolation path, which is related to a fracture path, propagates through hydrogen bonds and thus through physical crosslinks. The copolymerization of monomers, which are able to form strong hydrogen bonds, promotes the morphology. The fracture generates bigger spanning clusters, which indicate a more homogeneous structure of the dimethacrylate polymer network.