Abstract
Locus equations reflect the linear relationship between the second formant (F2) at vowel onset and midvowel nucleus as a function of place of articulation for voiced stop consonants. Locus equations have been shown to provide a robust stop-place categorization metric across a variety of languages. However, there is a discrepancy between traditional locus equation calculations and data from human perception studies. While locus equations are derived from two points in the speech signal that are separated by 60–110 ms, listeners are capable of categorizing English voiced stops when presented with as little as the initial 10–30 ms of stop-vowel syllables. In order to investigate the perceptual relevance of the locus equation, 20 English speakers read 150 /CVt/ syllables (/b/, /d/, or /g/ in one of ten vowel contexts repeated five times) in a carrier phrase. F2 measurements were made at vowel onset and at each glottal pulse up to and including the traditional midvowel nucleus. In addition to expected replication of previous results, this research will establish at which point in the vowel stable and distinct locus equations emerge and the relation of that point to place categorization by human listeners.
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