The perception of life and death in patients with end-of-life stage cancer: A systematic review of qualitative research

Abstract

PurposeThis study aims to clarify the perceptions on life and death among patients with the end-of-life stage cancer through a systematic review. MethodsThe search strategy combined MeSH terminology with free text searches, and was applied to the PubMed, CINAHL, Embase, and ICHUSHI (Japan Medical Abstracts Society) databases covering from 2010 to 5/2022. To ensure the quality of the research included, the Critical Appraisal Skills Program Qualitative Studies Checklist was used. Data relating to the perceptions of life and death of patients with the end-of-life stage cancer was extracted and analyzed with reference to qualitative meta-synthesis methods. ResultsUltimately, 50 studies were included. Five themes were derived based on the perceptions of life and death of patients with the end-of-life stage cancer: despair, making sense of death, how to live the rest of life, special feelings for loved ones, and fluctuation. By making sense of death in their own way, and reconciling it with their current situation, patients with the end-of-life stage cancer, even in despair over their impending death, look ahead into the future and their surroundings and consider how they would live the remaining time they have. During this time, the special feelings they have for their loved ones make an impact. ConclusionsAn important new finding from this study lies in the fact that the patients’ desire to live as ordinary people who were not patients were expressed as a face that they hid from their families. Further research is needed in low-income countries/regions.