Abstract
BackgroundOral and orofacial problems may cause a profound impact on children’s oral health-related quality of life (OHRQoL) because of symptoms associated with these conditions that may influence the physical, psychological and social aspects of their daily life. The OHRQoL questionnaires found in the literature are very specific and are not able to measure the impact of oral health on general health domains. Consequently, the objective of this study was to evaluate the psychometric properties of the Portuguese version for Brazilian translation of the Pediatric Quality of Life Inventory™ (PedsQL™) Oral Health Scale in combination with the PedsQL™ 4.0 Generic Core Scales.MethodsThe PedsQL™ Oral Health Scale was forward-backward translated and cross-culturally adapted for the Brazilian Portuguese language. In order to assess the feasibility, reliability and validity of the Brazilian version of the instrument, a study was carried out in Belo Horizonte with 208 children and adolescents between 2 and 18 years-of-age and their parents. Clinical evaluation of dental caries, socioeconomic information and the Brazilian versions of the PedsQL™ Oral Health Scale, PedsQL™ 4.0 Generic Core Scales, Child Perceptions Questionnaire (CPQ11-14 and CPQ8-10) and Parental-Caregiver Perception Questionnaire (P-CPQ) were administered. Statistical analysis included feasibility (missing values), confirmatory factor analysis (CFA), internal consistency reliability, and test-retest intraclass correlation coefficients (ICC) of the PedsQL™ Oral Health Scale.ResultsThere were no missing data for both child self-report and parent proxy-report on the Brazilian version of the PedsQL™ Oral Health Scale. The CFA showed that the five items of child self-report and parent proxy-report loaded on a single construct. The Cronbach's alpha coefficients for child/adolescent and parent oral health instruments were 0.65 and 0.59, respectively. The test-retest reliability (ICC) for child self-report and parent proxy-report were 0.90 [95% confidence interval (CI) = 0.86-0.93] and 0.86 (95%CI = 0.81-0.90), respectively. The PedsQL™ Oral Health Scale demonstrated acceptable construct validity, convergent validity and discriminant validity.ConclusionsThese results supported the feasibility, reliability and validity of the Brazilian version of the PedsQL™ Oral Health Scale for child self-report for ages 5–18 years-old and parent proxy-report for ages 2–18 years-old children.
Highlights
Oral and orofacial problems may cause a profound impact on children’s oral health-related quality of life (OHRQoL) because of symptoms associated with these conditions that may influence the physical, psychological and social aspects of their daily life
A total of 243 families of children/adolescents and their parents participated in the study, 35 of which were participants in the cognitive interviewing translation phase of the study, consisting of the adaptation and translation of the PedsQLTM Oral Health Scale for Brazilian Portuguese language, with the remaining 208 families participating in the field test phase to assess the feasibility, reliability and validity of the Brazilian version of the PedsQLTM Oral Health Scale
A low rate of missing data occurred for child self-report and parent proxy-report of the Brazilian version of PedsQLTM 4.0 Generic Core Scales, 0.2% and 0.8%, respectively
Summary
Oral and orofacial problems may cause a profound impact on children’s oral health-related quality of life (OHRQoL) because of symptoms associated with these conditions that may influence the physical, psychological and social aspects of their daily life. Oral diseases are the most common chronic diseases in the childhood, mainly dental caries [6,7] They are considered of high public health importance because of their prevalence, their deleterious impact on patient overall health, and the costs of treatment [6]. Children who have dental caries may experience a profound negative impact on their oral health-related quality of life (OHRQoL) because of oral symptoms associated with this condition, as well as potential influence on psychological and social aspects of their daily life [7,8,9,10,11]. The hypothesis that the severity of dental caries is associated with the negative impact on OHRQoL has been supported by several studies [11,12,13,14]
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