Abstract
Резюме. В настоящей работе изучен хромосомный полиморфизм на основе анализа кариотипов более100 видов и внутривидовых форм Mammalia Кавказа. Порядок дивергенции ветвей на филогенетических древах, полученных по разным хромосомным перестройкам, неоднозначен, что, возможно, есть следствие недавнего и быстрого отделения от основного ствола ряда групп. Впервые отмечено, что морфологическая эволюция не всегда сопровождалась видимыми хромосомными перестройками и наоборот. Полученные данные свидетельствуют в пользу хромосомного видообразования в ряде родов: Talpa, Sicista, Pitymys, Microtus и т.д.
Highlights
Studying of chromosomal polymorphism and the role of chromosomal rearrangement in the formation of reproductive isolation is important in evolutionary researches
Karyotype evolution of moles in the Caucasus went by the way of chromosome division
As a result of pericentric inversion of the smallest acrocentric pair of P. daghestanicus a pair of metacentrics was formed, which is the marker chromosome of all the representatives of the group P. daghestanicus, and this led to increasing of chromosome arm quantity in set to 58
Summary
Studying of chromosomal polymorphism and the role of chromosomal rearrangement in the formation of reproductive isolation is important in evolutionary researches. Redistribution of heterochromatic material and chromosome division have dominating role in the evolution of karyotype
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