The pattern of world protein consumption

Abstract

Protein is necessary for human growth, and the essential amino acids can only be obtained from foods eaten. The consumption of protein is determined by the protein content of foods, which is generally higher in animal foods than in plant foods, and the quantities consumed. A majority of the world's protein is derived from plant foods, of which cereals are by far the most important. There are marked spatial differences in the consumption of total protein, animal protein and animal protein as a percentage of all protein. Throughout the developed world, meat and cereals are the two most important sources of proteins; in the developing countries this order is reversed. If individual commodities are considered, wheat, milk and rice are the major sources of protein. Although many factors influence the spatial variation in the quantity and source of protein, four are noteworthy. First, the difference in the cost per gram of protein. Second, differences in income; protein and animal protein consumption is positively related to income. Third, local environmental conditions determine the choice of staple crops. Fourth, religious taboos influence meat consumption.