Abstract
Anemia is not a diagnosis but usually a sign of a systemic illness. The clinical manifestations of anemia depend on its rate of development and severity. This paper presents a simple pathophysiologic classification of the various types of anemia based on the patient's medical history, physical findings, peripheral blood morphology, and signs of bone marrow activity as reflected in the blood count and indices, blood smear, and the reticulocyte count. Basic guidelines for the management of various types of anemia are readily derived from this simple classification of the anemias.
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