The Pati duck: first-listed native duck breed in India

Abstract

SUMMARY The Pati duck, originating in Assam, India, is the first recognised native duck breed in the country. Widely distributed across Assam, this breed is crucial for generating income, employment and providing nutritional security to the resource-poor rural population. Traditionally reared by the Assamese people, the Pati duck holds a rich cultural heritage and contributes significantly to the local economy. However, scientific research on its improvement and conservation remains limited, posing a threat to its sustainability. This review aims to address this gap by evaluating existing studies on the Pati duck’s development and conservation. Key challenges include habitat loss due to agricultural expansion, genetic erosion from crossbreeding, and insufficient scientific breeding programmes. Additionally, the lack of systematic disease management practices exacerbates these issues. The review highlights the necessity for integrated conservation strategies, such as habitat restoration to protect natural breeding grounds, community engagement to promote traditional rearing practices and the establishment of dedicated breeding centres to maintain genetic purity. By providing a comprehensive analysis of the current status and challenges of the Pati duck, this paper offers actionable recommendations for policymakers, researchers and local communities to ensure the sustainable development and conservation of this valuable indigenous breed.