Abstract
The 2015 Paris COP 21, after the failure of the 2009 Copenhagen COP, raised many expectations regarding the elaboration of the post-Kyoto legal instrument to lead the global fight against climate change. At the sunset of the summit, world leaders and climate negotiators, relayed by mainstream Medias, presented the results of the Paris climate discussions as an important success for the global climate community. A success contested by climate justice and just transition defenders. Given the foundation role the Paris agreement plays for subsequent global, national and sub-national climate policies on one side and, on the other side, the continuous growing global demands for climate justice and just transition, this article investigates the conciliatory possibilities put in place by the agreement to advance those demands. To reach such goals, the article focuses on the retrospective critical reading of the agreement in the light of human-centered climate perspectives such as climate justice and just transition, without neglecting other aspects related to the very nature of the agreement, and the enhanced commodification of nature and resulting carbon trading. This analysis of the agreement through climate justice lenses will be instrumental in confirming or disproving the following hypothesis: From the climate justice and just transition perspectives, the success of the Paris regime will not pass through the implementation of the Paris agreement itself, but thought corrective mechanisms that could be put in place to correct the loopholes of the agreement. The initiative of putting such post-Paris corrective mechanisms in place is expected to be one of the key priorities of the international community.
Highlights
Paris Agreement, an Undisputable Diplomatic SuccessFrom November 30th to December 12th 2015, world leaders and countries delegations gathered in Paris, France, for the 21st session of the conference of the parties to the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC)
Given the foundation role the Paris agreement plays for subsequent global, national and sub-national climate policies on one side and, on the other side, the continuous growing global demands for climate justice and just transition, this article investigates the conciliatory possibilities put in place by the agreement to advance those demands
The article focuses on the retrospective critical reading of the agreement in the light of human-centered climate perspectives such as climate justice and just transition, without neglecting other aspects related to the very nature of the agreement, and the enhanced commodification of nature and resulting carbon trading
Summary
From November 30th to December 12th 2015, world leaders and countries delegations gathered in Paris, France, for the 21st session of the conference of the parties to the UNFCCC. Taking into consideration such importance of the Paris agreement for the future of climate governance, this article aims at analyzing its content from an anthropo-centered perspective, with a focus on climate justice and just transition (JT) The objective of such analysis, it should be noted, is to determine the loopholes of the current global climate governance architecture. Cribing to the world a collective objective of keeping global warming below 1.5 ̊C does not make sense if the individual contributions lead us to 3 ̊C Bridging this gap must be an absolute priority for countries in the coming years, notably by tackling emissions sources which are not covered by the Paris agreement, like those coming from international transport [10]. Going from this same critical perspective, and to better unveil the loopholes of the Paris agreement, this article, using the critical analysis method, will approach the agreement from four fundamental angles: Its contestable legal nature, its relation to market-based mechanisms, its views with regard to climate justice and its vision of JT
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