Abstract
Simple SummaryAlthough oxidative stress is detrimental in biological systems, direct analysis of the active oxygen species that causes the stress has been difficult at a clinical level. In the current study, we analyzed the levels of diacron-reactive oxygen metabolites (d-ROMs) and biological antioxidant potential (BAP) in the serum of horses. These are easy to measure and they provide information on the level of oxidative stress in an animal. The mean d-ROM level in horses was higher than those in dogs or dairy cattle, and the levels in horses can be used to distinguish those with a disease.Diacron-reactive oxygen metabolite (d-ROM) and biological antioxidant potential (BAP) levels in the serum of horses were measured (ponies, n = 15; thoroughbred, n = 31; other full-sized horses, n = 7). The mean d-ROM levels in horses were significantly higher (p < 0.001) than those in dairy cattle (n = 25) and dogs (n = 31). However, d-ROM levels in horses were lower than the standard levels reported in humans. When d-ROM and BAP levels were plotted graphically, the points for horses with a disease (ringbone in 1 Japanese sports horse, cellulitis in 1 thoroughbred, melanoma in 1 Lipizzaner) fell outside the group of points for other (non-diseased) horses. A similar separation was seen (using data from other authors) for a horse with Rhodococcus equi, a horse following castration surgery, and a mare following delivery. These results, comparing horses, other animals, and humans, are interesting from the standpoint of comparative medicine, and they contribute to the sparse literature available on d-ROM and BAP levels in animals. Because the level of d-ROM and BAP levels were changed depending on the situation of health, those indexes are promising as indices of health in horses.
Highlights
Oxidative stress is detrimental to biological systems
Horse Diacron-reactive oxygen metabolite (d-ROM) values in the present study were lower than the reference value for d-ROMs in humans
In the previous study related to the dairy cattle (n = 74), it was reported that d-ROMs and biological antioxidant potential (BAP) concentration was 158 ± 23.0 UCARR and 2558 ± 108.5 μmol/L, respectively
Summary
Oxidative stress is detrimental to biological systems It occurs when the balance between reactive oxygen species and antioxidants is disturbed. There have been many studies in various animals using indexes related to oxidative stress and antioxidant activity such as 8-OHdG [7] and lipid peroxidation [8]. Animals 2020, 10, 617 of ground, for example, animal welfare [9,10], produce of value-added animal product [11], efficient produce of animal product [7], and estimation of disease [12] Because of their high activity and short half-life, direct analysis of the reactive oxygen species that cause oxidative stress has been difficult at the clinical level; but more recently, the equipment has improved, and the measurement of oxidative stress levels is relatively easy. Because it is easy to maintain and operate, the measuring equipment has been used in relation to human diseases in clinical practice, with reports appearing on cardiovascular disease [13], high-density lipoprotein [14], and pediatric oncology [15], there are few published studies using this instrument on animals
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