Abstract
The amounts of both the acidic and basic sites of a series of SnO 2V 2O 5 catalysts with different compositions were measured by studying the adsorption of the basic and acidic molecules in the gas phase, using both the static and pulse methods. The acidities of the catalysts are fairly low in the low range of V 2O 5 content (V < 20 atom%); the acidity per unit of weight shows a maximum at about V = 40–50 atom%, but the acidity per unit of surface area increases continuously with the V 2O 5 content. On the other hand, the pure SnO 2 has a fair basicity, and the introduction of a smal amount of V 2O 5 (V = 2–20 atom%) to SnO 2 remarkably enhances the basicity. It can be said that the SnO 2-rich (V < 20 atom%) catalysts are basic, while the V 2O 5-rich catalysts are acidic. The vapor-phase oxidation of 1-butene and butadiene, the isomerization of 1-butene, and the dehydration and dehydrogenation of isopropyl alcohol (IPA) were carried out in the presence of an excess of air, and the relationship between the catalytic behavior and the acid-base properties was investigated. It was concluded that the activities and selectivities can be relatively well explained by the acid-base properties between the catalyst and the reactant.
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