Abstract
Abstract The oxidation of cis-2-butene, butadiene, and acetic acid was carried out by using a series of V2O5–XnOm (atomic ratio=9 : 1) catalysts with more than twenty metal oxides (XnOm). The results were compared with the dehydration activity for isopropyl alcohol (IPA), as a measure of acidity, and with the ratio, dehydrogenation activity for IPA/dehydration activity for IPA, used as a measure of the basicity of catalyst. The activity for the oxidation of butadiene and that for the isomerization of butene are correlated with the acidity, and the activity for the oxidation of acetic acid with the basicity of the catalyst. The selectivity to maleic anhydride from butene and butadiene is scarcely influenced by the introduction of metal oxides. Butene is mainly oxidized to acetic acid as a result of C–C fission. The selectivity to acetic acid is enhanced when the catalyst is highly acidic, decreasing with increase in basicity. It is concluded that the introduction of metal oxides into V2O5 modifies the acid-base properties of the catalyst, inducing a change in oxidation activity and selectivity.
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