The overlap technique versus end‐to‐end approximation technique for primary repair of obstetric anal sphincter rupture: a randomized controlled study

Abstract

To compare the outcome of end-to-end approximation versus the overlap technique for primary repair of obstetric anal sphincter rupture (OASR) at 12 month follow-up. Prospective, randomized controlled study. University hospital. Sample. One hundred and twenty-eight patients with grade 3b, 3c or 4 OASR were randomized; 119 (end-to-end 60, overlap 59) received the allocated treatment. We obtained information concerning fecal incontinence from 101 (85%) patients. The obstetric team on call performed the repairs. Wexner score, endoanal ultrasound (EAUS), and manometry were used to evaluate anal sphincter function at 12 months post-surgery. Primary outcome was incidence of solid stool leakage at least once a week. Secondary outcomes were flatus incontinence, Wexner score, external anal muscle defect examined by EAUS, and anal manometry results. One patient in the end-to-end group and none in the overlap group reported leakage of solid stool once a week or more. Fourteen patients in the end-to-end group and 10 in the overlap group reported flatus incontinence (p = 0.48). Mean Wexner score was similar in both groups, 2.4 versus 2.2. One patient in the end-to-end group and none in the overlap group had a Wexner score >10 (severe anal incontinence) (NS). External sphincter defect was found in 2/46 in the end-to-end group compared to 0/41 in the overlap group (NS). Anal manometry findings were similar in both groups. The overlap repair was not superior to the approximation technique with regard to fecal incontinence at 12 months.