Abstract
Of all the ESKAPE pathogens, carbapenem-resistant and multidrug-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii is the leading cause of hospital-acquired and ventilator-associated pneumonia. A. baumannii infections are notoriously hard to eradicate due to its propensity to rapidly acquire multitude of resistance determinants and the virulence factor cornucopia elucidated by the bacterium that help it fend off a wide range of adverse conditions imposed upon by host and environment. One such weapon in the arsenal of A. baumannii is the outer membrane protein (OMP) compendium. OMPs in A. baumannii play distinctive roles in facilitating the bacterial acclimatization to antibiotic- and host-induced stresses, albeit following entirely different mechanisms. OMPs are major immunogenic proteins in bacteria conferring bacteria host-fitness advantages including immune evasion, stress tolerance, and resistance to antibiotics and antibacterials. In this review, we summarize the current knowledge of major A. baumannii OMPs and discuss their versatile role in antibiotic resistance and virulence. Specifically, we explore how OmpA, CarO, and OprD-like porins mediate antibiotic and amino acid shuttle and host virulence.
Highlights
The Gram-negative coccobacillus Acinetobacter baumannii is an aerobic opportunistic pathogen responsible for some of the most morbid hospital-acquired infections (Bouvet and Grimont, 1987; Peleg et al, 2008; Lin and Lan, 2014; Lee et al, 2017)
Significant progress has been made during the last decade in our understanding of how A. baumannii outer membrane protein (OMP) mediate antibiotic resistance and virulence in the host cells
The solution of crystal structure is decisive in molecular dynamic studies tracking the antibiotic entry and exit through OMPs
Summary
The Gram-negative coccobacillus Acinetobacter baumannii is an aerobic opportunistic pathogen responsible for some of the most morbid hospital-acquired infections (Bouvet and Grimont, 1987; Peleg et al, 2008; Lin and Lan, 2014; Lee et al, 2017). We explore and summarize how antibiotic resistance and virulence in A. baumannii is mediated by different OMPs like OmpA, CarO and OprD.
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