The Outcome of a Self-Efficacy Enhancement Program for Cervical Cancer Screening among Women in Phrasaeng District, Suratthani Province, Thailand.

Ornuma Bunkarn,Thidarat Eksirinimit,Kiatkamjorn Kusol

doi:10.31557/apjcp.2020.21.7.2075

Ornuma Bunkarn, Thidarat Eksirinimit + Show 1 more

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https://doi.org/10.31557/apjcp.2020.21.7.2075

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Abstract

Objective:The purpose of this research was to examine the effect of a self-efficacy enhancement program on perceived self-efficacy and cervical cancer screening among women. Methods:This research was quasi-experimental research, using the subjects consisted of 130 samples; each of the experimental and control group consisted of 65 samples. The experimental group received a self-efficacy enhancement program. The control group received knowledge and usual care by health personnel in the health promoting hospital. The duration of the research was 8 weeks. The self-efficacy was testing the reliability equal to 0.90. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, Chi-square, and t-test. Results:The mean scores of perceived self-efficacy between the experimental and control group before using the program (M=2.18, S.D.=0.40; M=2.22, S.D.=0.39), there was no significantly different (p> 0.05). The mean scores of perceived self-efficacy between the experimental and control group after using the program (M=4.11, S.D.=0.44; M=2.28, S.D.=0.42), there was a significantly different (p< 0.001). The mean scores of perceived self-efficacy of the experimental group before and after using the program were higher, (M=2.18, S.D.=0.40; M=4.11, S.D.=0.44), there was a significantly different (p< 0.001). The experimental group came to screening 64 people (98.5 %), and the control group came to screening eight people (12.3 %), calculated ratio as 8:1 and compared the cervical cancer screening in the experimental and control group had differences significantly (p< 0.001). Conclusion:The self-efficacy enhancement program, resulting in increased screening rates and screened after the first week by having most screening tests in the community. Therefore, the program should be applied, and proactive services should be provided for women to have access in community and a health service place.

Highlights

IntroductionNew cases found more than 500,000 per year, and deaths 250,000 per year, more common in developing countries (WHO, 2018)
Cervical cancer was a major public health problem worldwide
Providing education was by the group, and building understanding about the disease by encouraging participation in expressing opinions, causing women to have higher perceived selfefficacy (Staples et al, 2018)

Summary

Introduction

New cases found more than 500,000 per year, and deaths 250,000 per year, more common in developing countries (WHO, 2018). Thailand had the most common cervical cancer, second only to breast cancer; each year, there were new patients an additional 10,000 per year and deaths approximately 5,000 per year (Ministry of Public Health, Strategy and Planning Division, 2017). The period of infection before cervical cancer was about 10-20 years (Ministry of Public Health, Department of Health, 2017). There was HPV infection in the epithelium at the transformation zone of the cervix of progressive, resulting in abnormal cells and epithelium to become carcinoma, for the additional factors caused by first sexual intercourse younger than 16 years, and more than 10 pregnancies (Kelly et al, 2017). Most women have symptoms that appear late in the disease and have spread to various organs, for common physical symptoms include; abdominal pain, vaginal bleeding, pale, thin, and tired conditions (Maniar and Wei, 2017)

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Conclusion