Abstract
This chapter examines power beyond mayor from three different perspectives: institutional history of Board of Estimate, city council, and state legislature in policy-making process. The chapter also examines exercise of institutional power in context of government functions—legislative, budgetary, and oversight; and nature of nonmayoral elected officials' political power. City wide officials each had two votes, while each of borough presidents had one vote. The state legislature exercises considerable power over city affairs. As elected officials, board members were ill-suited to collectively manage As quasi administrators, they nonetheless took legislative actions. The board also frustrated real separation of power; board's challenges to mayoral authority often failed because of mayor's presence on it. The City Charter provides that city council shall be the local legislative body of city. The council's powers also are limited by intervention of state legislature in New York City affairs.
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