The osmoregulatory mechanism in response to hypoosmotic stress and the key role of ABCC1 in osmoregulation in the mud crab, Scylla paramamosain

Abstract

Scylla paramamosain is an important mariculture animal. In the present study, we examined the physiological and biochemical characteristics of juvenile S. paramamosain under hypoosmotic stress and further verified the function of ABCC1, a key transport protein in gill tissue. The results showed that Na+/K+-ATPase, Ca2+-ATPase, and Na+/K+/2Cl- cotransporter in gill tissues increased first and then decreased. In addition, SOD and CAT activities also began to gradually increase, protecting gill tissues from oxidative damage. The hemolymph osmolarity decreased rapidly from 792 mOsm/kg to 560 mOsm/kg within 6 h, and then rose to 626.25 mOsm/kg at 48 h, and then remained stable. At the same time, Na+, Cl-, K+, and Ca2+ concentrations were decreased to varying degrees. There were significant changes in free amino acids such as aspartic acid, glutamic acid, and asparagine in hemolymph in response to acute salt depletion. By injection of ABCC1 inhibitor/activator, it was found that while ABCC1 transporter activity in the MK-571 group showed a decreasing trend at 9 h, Na+/K+ -ATPase activity began to increase and reached a peak at 48 h. Compared with the control group, the levels of aspartic acid, glutamic acid, asparagine, glycine, arginine, alanine, lysine, and proline in the MK-571 group showed significant differences at 6 h; Significant differences in glutamate, asparagine, arginine, alanine, lysine, and proline appeared at 12 h in the Thiethylperazine group. These results suggested that the dynamic changes of gill ion transport enzymes, antioxidant enzymes, inorganic ions, and free amino acids in hemolymph occurred in S. paramamosain under hypoosmotic stress, and the ABCC1 transporter played an important role in this regulatory process.