Abstract
There was an outbreak of Dengue fever on September 5, 2019, in Hainan Province, which has not been endemic for 28 years. We aim to describe the clinical and epidemiological features of the 2019 outbreak in Hainan Province and identify the cause. All type 1 Dengue fever cases that occurred in this outbreak of Hainan exhibited mild clinical symptoms. The epidemiological investigations indicate that the outbreak might originate from workers in the Xiuying area, Haikou City, form a concentrated outbreak, and then spread out. Bayesian phylogenies results and epidemiological data were used to infer a likely series of events for the dengue virus’s potential spread and trace the possible sources. The strains’ sequences were close to a sequence from the nearby Guangdong province, supporting the hypothesis that the dengue virus was imported from Guangdong province and then spread across Hainan province. Furthermore, it is interesting that two other strains didn’t group with this cluster, suggesting that additional introduction pathways might exist. The study indicated that the dengue fever epidemic presented two important modes in Hainan. Firstly, epidemics prevalence was caused by imported cases, and then endogenous epidemics broke out in the natural epidemic focus.
Highlights
Dengue fever (DF), a mosquito-borne viral infection common in warm, tropical climates,is an acute infectious disease caused by the Dengue virus (DENV)
Infection primarily occurred in the Xiuying District in Haikou city (182 in Xiuying district, 36 in Qiongshan district, 13 in Longhua district, and 9 in Meilan district), and the remaining cases were distributed in several other cities in Hainan province, 7 in Wenchang city, 3 in Danzhou city, 10 in Lingshui city, 3 in Wanning city, and 1 in Chengmai city (Figure 2)
We retrospectively analyzed the clinical characteristics and laboratory findings of patients diagnosed with dengue fever
Summary
Dengue fever (DF), a mosquito-borne viral infection common in warm, tropical climates,is an acute infectious disease caused by the Dengue virus (DENV). Since the first reported outbreak in 1779 in Jakarta, Indonesia, outbreaks have frequently been found in tropical and sub-tropical climates worldwide, mostly in urban and semi-urban areas with local variations in risk influenced by rainfall, temperature, and relative humidity (Guzman et al, 2013; Halstead and Cohen, 2015; Niyati and Ira, 2016). The incidence of dengue has grown dramatically around the world in recent decades. One study on dengue prevalence estimates that 3.9 billion people are at risk of dengue viruses (Brady et al, 2012; Bhatt et al, 2013). Despite a risk of infection in 128 countries, 70% of the actual burden is in Asia.
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