Abstract
It has been known for some time that the molecular orientation of liquid crystals can be affected by the presence of a temperature gradient.Stewart reported in 1936 that, whenp-azoxyanisol was placed in a vertical temperature gradient, the orientation adopted was vertical when the higher temperature was at the bottom and horizontal when the higher temperature was at the top. The continuum theory for nematic liquid crystals, proposed byLeslie, is used to explain this phenomenon. An examination of the stability of the static orientation adopted by the director in the presence of a vertical temperature gradient shows that the stable orientations are either vertical or horizontal, as found experimentally.
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