Abstract
The optimization of mix proportions based on the targeted fresh and hardened performances of self-compacting concrete (SCC) is a foundation for its transition from laboratory research to industrial production. In this paper, the mix proportions of various SCC mixtures were designed by the absolute volume method with changes in the content of river sand and manufactured sand, the content of fly ash and granulated ground blast furnace slag (GGBS) and the maximum particle sizes of coarse aggregates. This experimental study was carried out to verify the workability, density and cubic compressive strength of SCC. The results show that SCC demonstrated good performance with appropriate mix proportions of manufactured sand and river sand. A hybrid effect of fly ash and GGBS appeared on the fresh performance of SCC with a constant strength, and the coarse aggregate with a smaller maximum particle size was beneficial to the workability but detrimental to the compressive strength of SCC. Finally, the optimization of the mix proportion of SCC was evaluated by grey relational analysis, in which the weight of the indicators was determined by the entropy method to improve the evaluation credibility. As a result, the optimal mix proportions of SCC were selected.
Highlights
Self-compacting concrete (SCC) is a kind of high fresh-performance concrete that fills and compacts in a given framework by its own weight without other assistance [1]
Except for R45, other self-compacting concrete (SCC) with ratios of river sand of 27.5% and 35% had higher compressive strength; their compressive strength was increased by 23.9% and 11.2% compared to R0
Based on the absolute volume method of mix proportion design of SCC, eleven groups of SCCs were designed with changes in the content of fly ash and granulated ground blast furnace slag (GGBS), the content of manufactured sand and river sand, and the maximum particle sizes of coarse aggregates
Summary
Self-compacting concrete (SCC) is a kind of high fresh-performance concrete that fills and compacts in a given framework by its own weight without other assistance [1]. A greater amount of binder material content is required to obtain self-compacting workability for an SCC mixed with manufactured sand compared with an SCC mixed with river sand. This is due to the special morphology features of manufactured sand, such as its rough surfaces, irregular shapes, angular edges and inevitable stone powder [14,15,16]. The optimal mix proportion of SCC is difficult to obtain from original tests This encourages research that takes concrete as a system with random, gray and fuzzy uncertain messages and tries to predict and evaluate its properties by grey relational analysis [23,24,25]. Tahsseowf athterbcionndteerns.t Twhaissi1s8t0okegli/mmi3n. aTtheethweaitneflrureedncueceorf wthaeswkeaptetrcroendsutacnert caot n1t.6e%nt oofnththeetofrteaslhmpaesrsfoorfmthaenbceinodftehres.SCThCi.s is to eliminate the influence of the water reducer content on the fresh performance of the SCC
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