Abstract
This study investigated the principal translational or rotational axis that evokes the most severe cybersickness by detecting constant velocity and acceleration thresholds on the onset of cybersickness. This human subject experiment with 16 participants used a 3D particle field with movement directions (lateral, vertical, yaw, or pitch) and motion profiles (constant velocity or constant acceleration). The results showed that the threshold of pitch optical flow was suggestively lower than that of the yaw, and the vertical threshold was significantly lower than the lateral. Still, there was no effect of scene movement on the level of cybersickness. In four trials, the threshold increased from the first to the second trial, but the rest remained the same as the second one. However, the level of cybersickness increased significantly between the trials on the same day. The disorientation-related symptoms occurred on the first trial day diminished before the second trial day, but the oculomotor-related symptoms accumulated over the days. Although there were no correlations between the threshold and total cybersickness severity, participants with a lower threshold experienced severe nausea. The experimental findings can be applied in designing motion profiles to reduce cybersickness by controlling the optical flow in virtual reality.
Highlights
Among the various fields adopting virtual reality (VR), education, training, and entertainment found its usefulness and actively embraced them
Since the onset of CS symptoms is usually not salient, some participants missed detecting their thresholds for a few experimental conditions
The experimental result showed that the pitch movement could cause CS symptoms faster than the yaw movement, and vertical movement induces CS faster than the lateral one
Summary
Among the various fields adopting virtual reality (VR), education, training, and entertainment found its usefulness and actively embraced them. Previous studies suggested high velocity [10] and acceleration [11] of optical flow induce CS. Previous studies tried to find a dominant direction but failed to show a significant difference between those axes [12,14,15,16,17] Since they measured the severity level of CS, there are chances that the symptom started in a different order, but the severity of symptoms was not different because the exposure time is either too long or too short. For the measurement of MS-related symptoms, the Simulator Sickness Questionnaire (SSQ) [24] has been widely used, which inquires 16 sub-symptoms, including nausea, eyestrain, dizziness, etc. If the constant velocity rotation lasts, it fails to detect the self-motion in 20 s [28]. The weights are assigned according to each stimulus’s reliability to estimate natural self-propelled motion [25,30,31]
Sign-in/Register to view highlights & summary Sign-in/Register to access full text options 
Talk to us
Join us for a 30 min session where you can share your feedback and ask us any queries you have
Schedule a callDisclaimer: All third-party content on this website/platform is and will remain the property of their respective owners and is provided on "as is" basis without any warranties, express or implied. Use of third-party content does not indicate any affiliation, sponsorship with or endorsement by them. Any references to third-party content is to identify the corresponding services and shall be considered fair use under The CopyrightLaw.
