Abstract
Three new species of old-world Clastopteridae belonging to Machaerotinae are described, two in new monobasic genera: Allox transfigurata (Hindolini) from Borneo and Irridiculum deformatum (Machaerotini) from Sulawesi. One new species Machaeropsis dramatica (Hindolini) is described from Borneo. It is the first male known from the genus and shows that Machaeropsis Melichar is not synonymous with Metaenderleinia Lallemand. Five other new species are described, belonging to a new, related tribe Zygonini. Two of these new species (Ambonga lanceolata and Pseudomachaerota cucullata) belong to formerly monobasic genera from Madagascar incorrectly assigned to Cercopidae and Aphrophoridae respectively. These are related to 3 new genera: (1) from Madagascar, Pseudoclastoptera with new species P. irrubesco and P. invidia; from sub-Saharan Africa, (2) Zygon with 1 new species Z. desegregatum, and (3) Hemizygon, the latter with 2 new combinations from Pseudomachaerota: H. grande (Maa) and H. saturnus (Linnavuori). Zygon is possibly the most basal genus in Clastopteridae, according to its remarkable antennal characters with 5 different types of sensilla that show how basiconic and coeloconic sensilla are homodynamous. Genera related to Zygon are widely divergent from other spittlebugs as measured by mDNA "barcode" data from the COI gene.
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