Abstract

Our common biosphere on the earth is virtually colonized with microorganisms that are central to nutrient cycling, degniding pollutants, respiration, photosynthesis, and sustaining our planet. Bacteria have been on the earth for about 87% of the time the earth has been present. They were the first organisms capable of growth and cell division and today they are still very different from eukaryotic organisms. From one perspective, humans are the aliens on the earth as the microbes have been here for about four billion years. From a structure/function perspective bacteria are very different from higher life forms in many ways. Bacteria have. . . .

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