Abstract
Acquisition of new material of Simuliidae from the Libyan Arab Republic confirms the presence in the Cyrenaican region of that country of three species of Simulium s. 1. breeding in the few flowing watercourses (‘wadis’) that have not yet been tapped at their sources. The material is discussed in relation to the few old records of Libyan simuliids, and it is shown that these are based on misidentifications. The one existing record of Simulium damnosum in Libya is discounted as erroneous. One Libyan species is mammalophilic and a widespread biter of equine animals in the Mediterranean subregion but there are no biting records from Libya and simuliids have little or no medico-veterinary importance in the country. Simuliids appear destined to disappear from Libya in a short time, when the last free-flowing streams are harnessed for urban water supply.
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