Abstract
Design patterns is a good method to solve software crisis and realize the software reuse. It is usually combined with the Unified Modeling Language (UML) to establish the system framework. And Observer pattern is high frequently used in actual modeling. So this paper presents formalization of the Observer pattern based on refinement Calculus of Object Systems (rCOS), this research describes formal semantics of the patterns UML class diagram and sequence diagram and guarantee the characteristics and properties of the pattern at the same time in order to use system model accurately which involved Observer pattern.
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