Abstract
Backgroung/Objectives:Compares the nutritional quality of pre-packaged foods carrying health-related claims with foods that do not carry health-related claims.Subject/Methods:Cross-sectional survey of pre-packaged foods available in Germany, The Netherlands, Spain, Slovenia and the United Kingdom in 2013. A total of 2034 foods were randomly sampled from three food store types (a supermarket, a neighbourhood store and a discounter). Nutritional information was taken from nutrient declarations present on food labels and assessed through a comparison of mean levels, regression analyses and the application of a nutrient profile model currently used to regulate health claims in Australia and New Zealand (Food Standards Australia New Zealand's Nutrient Profiling Scoring Criterion, FSANZ NPSC).Results:Foods carrying health claims had, on average, lower levels, per 100 g, of the following nutrients, energy—29.3 kcal (P<0.05), protein—1.2 g (P<0.01), total sugars—3.1 g (P<0.05), saturated fat—2.4 g (P<0.001), and sodium—842 mg (P<0.001), and higher levels of fibre—0.8 g (P<0.001). A similar pattern was observed for foods carrying nutrition claims. Forty-three percent (confidence interval (CI) 41%, 45%) of foods passed the FSANZ NPSC, with foods carrying health claims more likely to pass (70%, CI 64%, 76%) than foods carrying nutrition claims (61%, CI 57%, 66%) or foods that did not carry either type of claim (36%, CI 34%, 38%).Conclusions:Foods carrying health-related claims have marginally better nutrition profiles than those that do not carry claims; these differences would be increased if the FSANZ NPSC was used to regulate health-related claims. It is unclear whether these relatively small differences have significant impacts on health.
Highlights
Diet is a leading risk factor for non-communicable disease in Europe,[1] and 90% of deaths in the European Union (EU) are due to non-communicable diseases.[2]
In the Regulation, a health claim is defined as ‘any claim that states, suggests or implies that a relationship exists between a food category, a food or one of its constituents and health’,7 whereas nutrition claims are 'any claim that states, suggests or implies that a food has particular beneficial nutritional properties due to the energy, nutrients or other substances it contains, contains in reduced or increased proportions or does not contain'
The provision of on-pack nutritional information differed between countries (Table 1); 31% of foods sampled in Slovenia did not have any nutritional information compared with 8% of foods in the United Kingdom
Summary
Diet is a leading risk factor for non-communicable disease in Europe,[1] and 90% of deaths in the European Union (EU) are due to non-communicable diseases.[2]. In the Regulation, a health claim is defined as ‘any claim that states, suggests or implies that a relationship exists between a food category, a food or one of its constituents and health’,7 whereas nutrition claims are 'any claim that states, suggests or implies that a food has particular beneficial nutritional properties due to the energy, nutrients or other substances it contains, contains in reduced or increased proportions or does not contain'.6
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