Abstract
BackgroundThere are few studies of nutritional and genetic factors and their interactions on the risk of noncommunicable diseases (NCDs) among Chinese adults.ObjectiveOur aim for the Nutrition and Health in Southwest China (NHSC) study is to investigate the impact of diet, lifestyle, genetic background, and their interactions on NCDs among adults in Southwest China.MethodsThe NSHC is a prospective cohort study initiated in winter 2013. The baseline data collection was completed in December 2018, and follow-ups are conducted every 2 years. Information on genomics, anthropometry, nutrition, eating behaviors, physical activity, depression and mental disorders, clinical and biochemical examinations, and lifestyles was collected.Results7926 adults completed the baseline questionnaire. The average age of participants was 42.6 (9.8) years at study enrollment. More than half were female, 37.2% had achieved more than 12 years of education, and 49.3% of them came from family income >35,000 Yuan. Our analyses of the baseline data suggested that adults with greater dietary energy density appeared to have greater body mass index, fat mass index, fat-free mass index and percentage body fat, and that participants with a higher level of dietary glycemic index, glycemic load, or serum 25(OH)D had a less favorable glucose homeostasis. In addition, spending less time watching television and having a healthy eating pattern may play significant roles in later cellular aging.ConclusionsIn conclusion, the NHSC cohort provides valuable data for investigations of the relevance of gene, nutrition, lifestyles, and their interactions on NCDs among southwestern Chinese adults.
Highlights
As urbanization and westernization increase, China is facing great challenges from noncommunicable diseases (NCDs) [1, 2]
As of 2018, 8612 adults were invited to participate in the Nutrition and Health in Southwest China (NHSC) study
AValues are means (SD), medians (Q1, Q3) or frequencies. bAt least 12 years of school education. cAverage family income more than 35,000 Yuan every year. dMVPA energy expenditure, energy expended on moderate-tovigorous physical activities (MJ/day). eRecommended sleep duration for adults according to the National Sleep Foundation [14]. fHOMA2-IR, Homeostasis model assessment 2: insulin resistance, calculated by Wallace Formula [22]. gPre-diabetes was defined using the updated classification and diagnosis of diabetes of American Diabetes Association (ADA) [3]
Summary
As urbanization and westernization increase, China is facing great challenges from NCDs [1, 2]. Asians appear to have a greater genetic predisposition to T2DM [4, 5]. These ethnic differences in the associations of risk factors with NCDs may result from differences in genetic susceptibility to NCDs or from interactions between diet, lifestyle, and genetic background. There are few epidemiological studies investigating environmental factors, genetic factors, and their interactions on the risk of NCDs in China To fill this gap, the Nutrition and Health in Southwest China (NHSC) study was initiated, with the intention of investigating the impact of diet, lifestyle, genetic background, and their interactions on obesity, diabetes, hypertension, cardiovascular diseases, and other NCDs among Chinese adults. There are few studies of nutritional and genetic factors and their interactions on the risk of noncommunicable diseases (NCDs) among Chinese adults
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