Abstract
Abstract The sources, availability and losses of nutrient halogens: chlorine and iodine in grassland soils are presented. The uptake, functions, chemical forms, availability and distribution of chlorine and iodine in herbage plants and the factors (e.g., fertilizers (NPK) and lime, plant species and variety, stage of maturity, season and weather and livestock excreta) influencing chloride and iodine content of herbage plants are discussed. The occurrence and metabolic functions, absorption, nutritional requirement, effects of deficiencies and toxicity and excretion of chlorine and iodine by ruminant animals are examined. The transformations and quantitative balances of macronutrient cations in grassland systems are presented.
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