Abstract
Background & Objective:Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is the most recent emerging viral disease. Defining the epidemiological aspects and factors influencing the susceptibility of the patients to COVID-19 has been an ongoing struggle. In the present study, we have investigated the connection between ABO histo-blood group phenotypes and the COVID-19.Methods:This study was conducted on 397 patients with confirmed diagnoses of COVID-19 admitted to our center. Also, 500 individuals were selected to form the controls, all of whom had been disclosed to the same medical center in June 2019, before the onset of the outbreak.Results:Our results demonstrated ABO histo-blood phenotypes are correlated with patients’ susceptibility to the infection. A higher rate of infection was observed among patients with the AB histo-blood group, while patients with the O histo-blood group have shown a lower rate of infection. The Rh blood group phenotype was not statistically significant in determining a patient’s vulnerability.Conclusion:Similar to several previous studies about other viral diseases’ association with ABO histo-blood groups, we have concluded that an individual’s ABO histo-blood group phenotype and his/her susceptibility to COVID-19 are indeed connected. So far, only one research has been conducted about this association. Interestingly, while we observed a decreased vulnerability to the disease among patients with an O histo-blood group, we have reached discordant results regarding the increased susceptibility among individuals with an AB histo-blood group, unlike A histo-blood group in the previous study.
Highlights
Coronaviruses have been the cause of three recent global outbreaks, Severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS, 2002 to 2003), Middle East respiratory syndrome (MERS, since 2012), and most recently, the coronavirus disease (COVID-19) posing an extensive crisis in late 2019 caused by Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-Cov-2), formerly recognized as 2019-nCoV [1,2,3]
The forward grouping was performed on a 3%red blood cell (RBC) suspension using commercially prepared monoclonal blood group antisera to check antigens on the surface of RBC provided by CEImmundiagnostika GmBH, Germany
397 COVID-19 patients and 500 normal controls were analyzed to evaluate the association of the ABO histo-blood group phenotypes with COVID-19 disease in the Iranian population
Summary
Coronaviruses have been the cause of three recent global outbreaks, Severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS, 2002 to 2003), Middle East respiratory syndrome (MERS, since 2012), and most recently, the coronavirus disease (COVID-19) posing an extensive crisis in late 2019 caused by Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-Cov-2), formerly recognized as 2019-nCoV [1,2,3]. COVID-19 patients mostly present with fever, dry cough, and dyspnea, which can progress to acute respiratory distress syndrome and multiple organ failures [5]. Other innate and adaptive factors can affect viral infection susceptibility or resistance. Previous researches have proved the potential role of ABO blood groups on a host’s genetic susceptibility to various viral diseases such as influenza, Ebola, enteric viruses, and SARS-CoV infections [8,9,10,11,12]. Defining the epidemiological aspects and factors influencing the susceptibility of the patients to COVID-19 has been an ongoing struggle. We have investigated the connection between ABO histo-blood group phenotypes and the COVID-19
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