The Novel Approach of Using Electric Vehicles as a Resource to Mitigate the Negative Effects of Power Rationing on Non-Residential Buildings

Abstract

This paper presents the concept of using electric vehicles (EVs) as a countermeasure to deal with the negative effects of power rationing when electricity demands become difficult to meet due to unfavorable electrical system operating conditions. At present, an energy storage is widely used to maintain the stability of electricity supply in facilities whose main source of energy is renewable energy sources (RESs). However, we must not forget that electric vehicles are also electricity storage facilities, but they are not always available due to their mobility. With properly developed strategies, they can be used in electricity management processes, for example, by reducing their consumption during charging using smart charging technology, or by providing electricity from their batteries using vehicle-to-building (V2B) technology. Thus, this article presents a research methodology that treats electric vehicles as a remedy for eliminating power constraints. It consists of five main steps, including two algorithms for deciding how to deploy EVs during power rationing periods. An efficiency factor for eliminating these constraints was also introduced. The results showed that the use of smart charging or V2B technology in EVs can reduce the number of potential hours in which certain power levels are exceeded by up to several tens of percent. This means that in the future, with the significant development of electromobility, such a way of dealing with power constraints could be an alternative to conventional solutions like diesel generators.