Abstract
Meat quality in beef cattle is controlled by genetic factors. SPP1 (secreted phosphoprotein 1) gene, coding a multifunctional cytokine with diverse biological functions, is the candidate gene influencing carcass traits. In this study, we tried to discover DNA polymorphisms associated with beef quality in bovine SPP1 gene, so that two SNPs (single nucleotide polymorphisms) in the promoter region and one SNP in the CDS (coding sequence) region were identified. Although the formers were predicted to alter SPP1 expression, they did not show any effects on the traits. On the contrary, statistical analysis revealed that g.58675C > T, a non-synonymous mutation from threonine to methionine in the conservative region, had a significant effect on carcass weight. Carcass weight of the animals with C/T allele (473.9 ± 6.0 kg) was significantly heavier than that of the C/C homozygotes (459.2 ± 2.8 kg). Because SPP1 gene functions in skeletal muscle cells as a positive regulator, the non-synonymous mutation might influence muscle development and remodeling, resulting in increased carcass weight of the C/T animals. Our results indicate that the SNP can be applied as a DNA marker for the improvement of beef cattle.
Highlights
The Japanese Black cattle, one of the four Japanese beef breeds known as Wagyu, are the major beef breed in Japan
Two SNPs in the promoter region were identified in the adjacent area, so that we analyzed their relationship with additional 22 cattle
Three SNPs in SPP1 gene were identified in the Japanese Black population
Summary
The Japanese Black cattle, one of the four Japanese beef breeds known as Wagyu, are the major beef breed in Japan. The main breeding objective in Japanese Black cattle is improvement of carcass traits. Beef Marbling Standard is regarded as one of the important traits because it influences price, efforts are thriving to improve other carcass traits including carcass weight, meat color and fatty acid composition. Taniguchi et al (2004) identified a non-synonymous mutation in SCD (stearoyl-CoA desaturase) gene and elucidated that this SNP (single nucleotide polymorphism) influences fatty acid composition of beef cattle. Another example is NCAPG (Non-SMC Condensin I Complex, Subunit G) gene. Additional DNA markers in other genes will be required for rapid and efficient breed improvement
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