Abstract
predictable from the surface grammatical relations of a sentence. Thus the grammatical subject is the NP directly dominated by the S node, and it is specified as nominative; the object is the NP directly domi-, nated by the VP node, and it is specified as accusative (Chomsky 1965: 221-2). When the semantic object is in fact specified as nominative, it must first have become the grammatical subject through the operation of a transformation which modifies grammatical relations, as for example the passive or raising. Finnish contradicts these assumptions in an interesting way, by using the nominative to specify the object in certain environments. This unexpected use of the nominative for object is the topic of this paper.*
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