The nitrogen photoactive centre in N-doped titanium dioxide formed via interaction of N atoms with the solid. Nature and energy level of the species

Abstract

N-doped titanium dioxide has been prepared generating a nitrogen plasma in the atmosphere over a sample of pre-reduced TiO 2. This solid, investigated by EPR and XPS, is similar to materials prepared via sol–gel or different chemical methods. The cleaner preparation method, however, avoids complications in the assignments due to by-products of the chemical synthesis. The experiment unambiguously confirms previous theoretical forecast and indicates the formation of an interstitial paramagnetic nitrogen species already described in the case of sol–gel prepared materials. The energy of this species lies slightly over the valence band limit and well below the Ti 3+ states of reduced TiO 2.