The new winter rapeseed variety “Priz”

Abstract

Rapeseed takes one of the leading places in the world production of vegetable oils. Winter varieties, which are more productive and economically viable than spring ones, are of the greatest interest. Despite the large number of varieties and hybrids of winter rapeseed registered in the State List of Breeding Achievements Approved for Use in the Russian Federation, the productivity of this crop did not increase for the last 15–20 years. The share of foreign breeding hybrids increased to 90%. All of them have been developed in a mild climate of Europe or America and are poorly adapted to our natural and climatic conditions. It is still important to develop a winter rapeseed variety, tolerant to negative temperature changes, to little snowy winters and adapted to the heavy overwinter conditions of the Rostov region. In 2001–2015 the FSBSI “Donskaya Experimental Station named after L. A. Zhdanov” used the method of cohesive self-pollination to develop the winter rapeseed variety “Priz” from a hybrid population grown on the basis of winter resistant highly productive genotypes identified from the varieties of domestic and foreign selection. The variety is characterized by harmonious ripening, short height, short vegetation and uniformity of plants. The potential productivity of seeds in the conditions of the Rostov region is 4.0–4.5 t/ha. Oil percentage of seeds is 47–50%. The quality of oil and meal meet GOST and international requirements. Plants are slightly responsive to powdery mildew and they are highly tolerant to winter. The variety “Priz” was introduced into the State List of Breeding Achievements of the Russian Federation and approved for use in the North Caucasus (6) cultivation region since 2017.