Abstract
The Canon of the New Testament was the result of a long and gradual process in the course of which the books regarded as authoritative, inspired, and apostolic were selected out of a much larger body of literature. During the apostolic age the Christian Bible consisted of the Old Testament alone, not that the Old Testament was precisely defined, but the main outlines were quite clear. The Church was experiencing severe exegetical difficulties toward the middle of the second century. Many Gnostics were able to provide esoteric interpretations of Pauline epistles and of the gospels as well. Among the most important documents in the history of the New Testament Canon is the 'Muratorian' fragment, so called because it was published by L. A. Muratori in 1740. Origen provides one of the best examples of the way in which literary criticism was being brought to bear on questions of authorship in relation to canonicity.
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