Abstract
The new St Clair River tunnel on the Canada-USA border is the world's largest single-track underwater rail tunnel. Completed in 1995, the 1.8 km long 8.4 m dia. tunnel has been to accommodate double-stack container trains and replaces an existing century-old tunnel link. The concrete-lined tunnel was driven by one of the largest ever full-face earth pressure balance machines through soft squeezing clay with shallow cover beneath a fast-flowing river. This paper outlines how the latest soft ground tunnelling techniques combined with novel contractual arrangements brought a successful conclusion to one of North America's most challenging tunnel projects in recent years.
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