The New Smartphone Application for Blood Glucose Monitoring (BGM) with Information-Motivation-Behavioral Skills (IMB) Model Study

Abstract

Previous studies demonstrated the accuracy of the CONTOUR®NEXT ONE BGM system (BGMS), which includes a wireless-enabled BG meter that links to the CONTOUR®Diabetes app installed on a mobile device. The CONTOUR®Diabetes app Version 2 Prototype detects repeated behavioral patterns in testing results and reports them back to the user. By decision of the user, recommendations are triggered to help with elimination of conditions related to the diagnosed pattern. The goal of the interactive app interface implementation is to achieve behavioral change in people with diabetes for better adherence to treatment and sustained glycemic control. The app employs messaging via the IMB model. A 6-week study with 46 insulin-using people with diabetes was performed to assess operational parameters and user reactions to the system. Analyses were performed on glycemic variables, such as fructosamine levels and HbA1c, and on subject questionnaires. Fructosamine levels decreased significantly from the beginning to the end of the study (P = 0.0076). All but 1 subject had IMB patterns detected, ranging from messages relating to “running low” to “pre-dinner high.” “Critical High” was the most frequently detected pattern. A multivariate cluster analysis, based on questionnaire responses only, revealed that subjects could be classified into one of two clusters based on their responses to the app. The only demographic or diabetes history variable significantly related to cluster membership was diabetes type. One cluster included only subjects with type 1 diabetes; the other cluster was a mix of both diabetes types. To further evaluate the benefits and efficacy of IMB as it relates to glycemic control, a larger study following subjects over a longer time period is required. Disclosure S. Pardo: Employee; Self; Ascensia Diabetes Care. S. Zhuplatov: Employee; Self; Ascensia Diabetes Care. J. Wallace: Employee; Self; Ascensia Diabetes Care. T.S. Bailey: Research Support; Self; Abbott. Consultant; Self; Abbott. Speaker's Bureau; Self; Abbott. Research Support; Self; Ambra BioScience, Ascensia Diabetes Care, Becton, Dickinson and Company. Consultant; Self; Becton, Dickinson and Company. Research Support; Self; Boehringer Ingelheim Pharmaceuticals, Inc., Calibra Medical. Consultant; Self; Calibra Medical. Research Support; Self; Companion Medical, Dexcom, Inc., Glooko, Inc., GlySens Incorporated, Lexicon Pharmaceuticals, Inc., Eli Lilly and Company. Consultant; Self; Eli Lilly and Company. Speaker's Bureau; Self; Eli Lilly and Company. Research Support; Self; Medtronic MiniMed, Inc.. Consultant; Self; Medtronic MiniMed, Inc.. Speaker's Bureau; Self; Medtronic MiniMed, Inc.. Research Support; Self; Novo Nordisk Inc.. Consultant; Self; Novo Nordisk Inc.. Speaker's Bureau; Self; Novo Nordisk Inc.. Research Support; Self; Sanofi. Consultant; Self; Sanofi. Speaker's Bureau; Self; Sanofi. Research Support; Self; Senseonics. Consultant; Self; Intarcia Therapeutics, Inc.. Research Support; Self; Versartis, Inc., Xeris Pharmaceuticals, Inc., MannKind Corporation.