The Need for Mental Health Promotion Among Pregnant Women: A Narrative Review to Strengthen the Agenda

Abstract

The perinatal period is crucial in women’s lives in their way toward motherhood. Pregnant women and new mothers are at higher risk for experiencing mental health issues due to a variety of physiological, psychological, cognitive, and social changes. According to current studies among pregnant women and new mothers, anxiety and depression are on the rise, especially in resource-constrained countries. Poor mental well-being during pregnancy is a significant public health issue and the greatest unaddressed health problem in the reproductive health arena. It leads to a range of adverse outcomes for both mothers and children. Apart from short-term morbidity, maternal mental illness has a negative effect on family functioning as well as on infants’ cognitive, physical, social, and behavioral growth. However, maternal mental health problems can be prevented to a large extent, and well-being can be promoted. But in resource-constrained countries, research on preventive and promotion intervention specific to the perinatal period is minimal. The present narrative review poses an agenda to strengthen mental health promotion in pregnant women in resource-constrained nations. The review explores the relevant literature about the significance of maternal mental health promotion, the effectiveness of promotion and prevention strategies, barriers to sustainable mental health, and the way forward.