The Need for Increased HPV Vaccination Awareness and Access

Abstract

Human papillomavirus (HPV) in the genital region is a frequently occurring sexually transmitted disease that can result in genital warts and various types of cancer. Most sexually active individuals acquire HPV at a certain point during their lifetime, but fortunately, several of the most harmful HPV types are preventable with vaccinations. All boys and girls aged 9 to 12 should get the HPV vaccine, although it can be given to individuals up to age 45. The HPV vaccine triggers an immune response that helps the body recognize and fight off the virus. There are currently two different HPV vaccines available: Gardasil and Cervarix. Gardasil guards against the two HPV strains that most commonly result in cervical cancer (CC) and various additional strains that can result in genital warts or other types of cancer. Cervarix only offers protection against the two forms of HPV that trigger CC. Mild side effects may occur, but more severe side effects are rare. Despite the availability of HPV vaccination, vaccination rates remain suboptimal in many countries. Raising awareness and expanding access to HPV vaccination are critical steps toward reducing HPV-related diseases. This article explores the basics of HPV and the role of vaccination in preventing its spread.