Abstract
Plasma fluxes to edge structures, such as limiters, probes and divertor plates, are generally assumed to be due to parallel transport only-and all limiters and divertors have been designed on the basis of this standard model. A number of experimental results have indicated substantial fluxes to surfaces which are parallel, or nearly parallel to B-a result which is inconsistent with the standard model. A new model is presented which includes direct cross-field deposition on edge structures. In the case of limiters and probes this direct deposition process is amplified by a 2D or 3D concentration, or funnelling, effect which is induced in the confined plasma, inboard of the edge structure. As a result, the plasma wetted area of large edge structures such as inner wall limiters is substantially greater than indicated by the standard model-a generally beneficial effect. For sufficiently oblique angles between B and divertor tiles, it may be that heat and particle transport to the tiles is dominated by direct, cross-field transport. This would have major implications for the exploitation of divertor configurations with very large flux expansion and large wetted area
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