The Nature of Dark Matter and of Dark Energy

Jacob Schaf

doi:10.4236/jmp.2015.63028

Abstract

The aim of the present work is showing that the observed non-Keplerian rotation of the galaxies is predicted by the space dynamic gravitational mechanism without dark matter and that the current explanation of the galactic gravitational dynamics in terms of dark matter is hypothetical. Visibly, the need of dark matter is an emergency created by a mistaken view about the nature of space and gravitation. Furthermore, in the view of the present work, the accelerated expansion of the universe is expansion of the Higgs quantum space itself, driven by minimization of its total energy. Spontaneous breaking of the U(1) gauge symmetry and Bose-Einstein condensation of the Higgs bosons creates a potential energy well in the form of the Mexican sombrero. If the density φφ ∗ of the condensate is larger than the equilibrium density, then the Higgs quantum space can minimize its energy by volumetric expansion. The idea that the accelerated expansion of the universe is driven by a positive potential energy, dubbed dark energy, needs to be unveiled.

Highlights

It is well known since decades that the orbital velocity of the stars round the galactic nucleus falls not off with distance as predicted by the current theories of gravity
If this dark matter interacts by gravity, why is it not concentrated within the stars and in the galactic center like usual matter? In the view of the present work, the idea of dark matter is an emergency idea enforced by wrong concepts about the nature of space and the gravitational physics
According to the new theory of space and gravitation, named space dynamics, [4]-[9] the real space, ruling the inertial motion of matter and the propagation of light, is moving in the ordinary three dimensions round each astronomical body throughout the universe according to a Keplerian velocity field, consistent with the local main astronomical motions (please see Equation (1) and Figure 2)

Summary

Introduction

It is well known since decades that the orbital velocity of the stars round the galactic nucleus falls not off with distance as predicted by the current theories of gravity. Almost the whole mass of the galaxy is orbiting round the galactic center within the bulge and the disk in the form of dense stars under their self-consistent gravitational field. In order to be able to explain the galactic gravitational dynamics the dark matter must form an external halo of matter round the galaxy. If this dark matter interacts by gravity, why is it not concentrated within the stars and in the galactic center like usual matter? The physical mechanism of gravity, proposed by the theory of space dynamics, predicts the observed galactic gravitational dynamics without the need of dark matter

Brief Outline of the Space Dynamic Gravitational Mechanism

V orb

The Observed Galactic Gravitational Dynamics without the Need of Dark Matter

Dark Energy a Global Higgs Quantum Space Phenomenon

Findings

Conclusion