Abstract
Reactive oxygen species (ROS) have been revealed to be important factors for carcinogenesis and tumor progression. Therefore, we focused on an ROS-generating protein, nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate oxidase, and evaluated whether its inhibitor, apocynin, could suppress hepatocarcinogenesis in a medium-term rat liver bioassay. The number and size of glutathione S-transferase placental form (GST-P)-positive foci were significantly reduced by apocynin in a dose-dependent manner. The reduction of ROS generation by apocynin was confirmed by dihydroethidium staining. Apocynin treatment also significantly reduced Ki-67 positivity, downregulated cyclooxygenase 2, and suppressed the activation of the c-Myc pathway. Meanwhile, ROS generation was not different between GST-P-positive foci and surrounding GST-P-negative areas of the liver. In conclusion, the present data suggest that apocynin possesses a potential antihepatocarcinogenic property.
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