The myth of the market queens: A case study of women and power in Ghanaian markets

Abstract

Markets in Ghana are largely managed by female traders organized into groups headed by a leader, often referred to as ‘market queens’ (MQs). In the public perception and in the limited literature, MQs have a negative connotation and are described as ‘cartel’ and ‘mafia’ institutions. This study aims to empirically assess their role in the market and society. Contrary to the current literature, our results show that MQs do not leverage their power to set market prices, but instead provide an important informal safety-net. They represent a crucial link to producers and are decisive for food security, as well as for the stability and resilience of the food system. Market women are perceived as powerful, yet they are neglected in the literature on gender and value chains. The findings challenge the negative portrayal of MQs and highlight the need to recognize market women as essential collective action, credit and savings groups.