Abstract
Chronic lymphocytic leukaemia (CLL) is the most common leukaemia among adults. It is the clonal expansion of B cells expressing CD19 and CD5. Despite significant progress in treatment, CLL is still incurable. γδ T cells comprise an important subset of the cytotoxic T cells. Although γδ T cells in CLL are dysfunctional, they still can possibly be used for immunotherapy. The current paper reviews our understanding of γδ T lymphocytes in CLL.
Highlights
Chronic lymphocytic leukaemia (CLL) is the most common leukaemia among adults
CLL results from the clonal expansion of abnormal B cells that co-express B cell markers (CD19, CD20) with T cell-specific proteins (CD5) [5]
Vδ1 Cells for the Cellular Immunotherapy of CLL. Both Vδ1 and Vδ2 cells can potentially be used for cellular immunotherapy
Summary
Actor—γδ T Lymphocytes in Chronic Lymphocytic Leukaemia (CLL). Cells 2022, 11, 661. https://. Γδ T cells are frequently expanded in other cancers, e.g., within the tumour in breast cancer or rectal cancer; in those cases, this expansion may have a negative prognostic value, and seems to significantly increase with the disease progression [80,81] It appears that the opposite is true for CLL, this hypothesis requires further testing. Vδ1 cells from CLL patients usually have a cytotoxic profile, which is manifested by higher granzyme B expression compared to controls [78] Still, as those cells are CD27-negative, they may be functionally exhausted. Vδ1 cells activated with polyclonal mitogen are, on the other hand, relatively good killers of autologous leukaemic cells [76] This cytotoxicity is exerted against ULBP-expressing B-CLL clones, and is completely blocked with anti-NKG2D antibodies [76]. Vδ1 showed very high cytotoxicity against multiple myeloma cells, irrespective of whether they originated from the patients’ or healthy volunteers’ blood [91]
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