Abstract
The present study employed intramuscular (IM) injections of the acetylcholine (ACh) receptor antagonist scopolamine hydrobromide (0.10 mg/kg) to investigate the possible involvement of ACh in naturally occurring spatial navigation in homing pigeons ( Columba livia). Control pigeons receiving injections of saline or scopolamine methylbromide, an ACh antagonist that does not cross the blood-brain barrier, were oriented in a homeward direction when released from a location 8 km from home. In contrast, pigeons injected with scopolamine hydrobromide (0.10 mg/kg, IM) were less well oriented and took more time to return home from the same location. These results suggest that homing pigeon navigation is regulated, in part, by central cholinergic mechanisms.
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