The multifaceted nature of risk behaviour among adolescents-A document analysis of patient and aftercare service providers' records.

Abstract

The aim of this study was to describe the forms and the prevalence of risk behaviour among adolescents in aftercare services, as well as identify the associated factors and use of services by adolescents. Adolescents in aftercare services represent a vulnerable group that struggles with several aspects of life. The challenges they face are known to accumulate in certain individuals, and the problems that are relevant for this group tend to have an intergenerational nature. The research applied retrospective document analysis, with the analysed data comprising information on 698 adolescents in aftercare services in one large Finnish city from the fall of 2020. The data were analysed using descriptive statistics and multivariate methods. Risk behaviour was identified among 616 of the studied adolescents (88.3%), and manifested as substance abuse, reckless sexual behaviour and/or use of money, nicotine use, self-destructive behaviour, delinquency and functional dependencies. Regarding the associations between risk behaviour and background variables, an adolescents' child's clientship in child protection or the child's placement in foster care, adolescent's need for support in parenting, problems with daily rhythm and problems with studying were found to influence the prevalence of risk behaviour. Forms of risk behaviour were also found to be associated with each other. Adolescents displaying risk behaviour commonly did not use the social counsellor, psychiatric outpatient care and study counselling services, even if they would have needed them. The interconnections between different forms of risk behaviour mean that this issue should be prioritized when developing aftercare services. This is the first time that risk behaviour among adolescents in aftercare services has been comprehensively examined. Understanding this phenomenon is key to identifying future research topics, guiding decision-making and helping stakeholders truly understand the needs of these adolescents. No patient or public contribution as the study was based on a document analysis.