Abstract
Received: 2016-05-24 | Accepted: 2016-08-02 | Available online: 2017-06-20 http://dx.doi.org/10.15414/afz.2017.20.01.28-30 The aim of this study was to calculate the inbreeding coefficients of the most used sires in population of Slovak Pinzgau and summarize milk production of theirs daughters as main criterion in present in selection of sires besides pedigree based level of inbreeding of future progeny. The runs of homozygosity (ROH) greater than 4 Mb cover on average 1.9 % of genome, ROH ˃ 8 Mb cover 1.3 % and ROH ˃ 16 Mb cover 0.4. Obtained results were compared to genealogical pedigree analysis; the observed inbreeding was higher than that expected based on pedigree data (0.16 %), despite the fact that ROH > 16 Mb representing recent inbreeding approximately three generations ago. The average milk performance of evaluated Slovak Pinzgau cows has been 5259 kg of milk, 3.6 % of protein and 3.85 % of fat. These results are important for the management of the Pinzgau population in Slovakia due to more precise values of inbreeding obtained as well as knowledge about the ancient inbreeding which was not possible to estimate from the pedigree data. Keywords: inbreeding, milk performance, runs of homozygosity, Slovak Pinzgau cattle References ALBRECHTSEN A., NIELSEN F.C. and NIELSEN R. (2010) Ascertainment biases in SNP chips affect measures of population divergence. Molecular Biology and Evolution , vol. 27, pp. 2534-2547. doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/molbev/msq148 BJELLAND, D.W. et al. (2013) Evaluation of inbreeding depression in Holstein cattle using whole-genome SNP markers and alternative measures of genomic inbreeding. Journal of Dairy Science , vol. 96, pp. 4697-4706. doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.3168/jds.2012-6435 CHARLESWORTH, D. and WILLIS, J. (2009) The genetics of inbreeding depression. Nature Reviews Genetics , vol. 10, pp. 783-796. doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nrg2664 FERENCAKOVIC, M. et al. (2011) Runs of Homozygosity Reveal Genomewide Autozygosity in the Austrian Fleckvieh Cattle. Agriculturae Conspectus Scientificus , vol. 76, no. 4, pp. 325-328. GURGUL, A., et al. (2016) The use of runs of homozygosity for estimation of recent inbreeding in Holstein cattle. Journal of Applied Genetics , vol. 57, pp. 1-4. doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s13353-016-0337-6 GUTIERREZ, J.P. et al. (2008) Individual increase in inbreeding allows estimating realised effective sizes from pedigrees. Genetics Selection Evolution , vol. 40, pp. 359-378. doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/1297-9686-40-4-359 MARRAS, G. et al. (2015) Analysis of runs of homozygosity and their relationship with inbreeding in five cattle breeds farmed in Italy. Animal Genetics , vol. 46, no. 2, pp. 110-121. doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/age.12259 PAVLIK, I. et al. (2014) Joint genealogical analysis as a tool for diversity evaluation in Pinzgau cattle populations. Archive Tierz ucht, vol. 57, no. 14, pp. 1-12. doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.7482/0003-9438-57-014 PURCELL, S. et al. (2007) PLINK: a toolset for whole-genome association and population-based linkage analysis. The American Journal of Human Genetics , vol. 81, pp. 559-575. doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.1086/519795 SAS Institute Inc: SAS/STAT Software. (2011) Cary NC: SAS Institute Inc: Version 9.3. THE BREEDING SERVICES OF THE SLOVAK REPUBLIC. (2014) Results of dairy herd milk recording in Slovak Republic for control year 2013-2014. [Online]. Available at http://pssr.sk/org/publ/2014/hd/rocenka/ml_13_14/rocenka/Mliekova_rocenka_2014.pdf . [Accessed: 1st March 2017].
Highlights
As a consequence of mating closely related individuals, inbreeding manifests itself phenotypically as a loss in general level of performance and fitness of the progeny (Charlesworth and Willis 2009; Bjelland et al, 2013)
According to pedigree data only 2 animals have arisen by breeding of related animals (Lutgo – 0.78% and his son Lutlux – 0.78%), based on FROH16 recent inbreeding (3 generations in the past) in 3 animals was observed (Lutgo, Nero, Nobtelo), whereas based on FROH4 even 9 animals were inbred
The inbreeding coefficient based on runs of homozygosity (ROH) is more accurate when GeneCall and GeneTrain score are used in quality control step
Summary
As a consequence of mating closely related individuals, inbreeding manifests itself phenotypically as a loss in general level of performance and fitness of the progeny (Charlesworth and Willis 2009; Bjelland et al, 2013). Controlling the level of inbreeding in livestock populations is especially important, since only a subset of animals from the whole population is used for breeding This enforces composition of well-designed mating plans which enable maintaining the level of relatedness possibly low. By the evaluation of the genome portion in ROH segments, it is possible to calculate inbreeding estimates which have a large chance to include information about ancient relatedness (Ferenčaković et al, 2011). This information may be used to supplement pedigree-based estimates, or may be useful when no sufficiently reliable pedigree information is available
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