Abstract
Vitamin D participates in the calcification of enamel and dentin and the appropriate immune responses to oral microbial infections. We aimed to assess the association between the most common vitamin D receptor (VDR) polymorphisms (ApaI, FokI, TaqI, BsmI, and BglI) and the risk of dental caries in children. Methods: PubMed/MEDLINE, Cochrane Library, Web of Science, and Scopus databases were comprehensively searched until 19 January 2021. Meta-analysis with odds ratios as the effect estimate along with 95% confidence intervals and subgroup analysis were conducted using Review Manager 5.3 software. Publication bias and sensitivity analyses were conducted by Comprehensive Meta-Analysis, version 2.0 software. Results: Seventy-eight studies were retrieved from the databases, with nine studies included in the final analysis. Based on five genetic models, there was no association between ApaI (rs7975232), TaqI (rs731236), BsmI (rs1544410), FokI (rs2228570), and BglI (rs739837) polymorphisms and susceptibility to dental caries, except for the FokI (rs10735810) polymorphism. Conclusion: Among the VDR polymorphisms considered, an association was found between the FokI (rs10735810) polymorphism and the risk of dental caries, with a protective role of the f allele and ff genotype.
Highlights
Dental caries is considered a complex and multifactorial disease as well as one of the most common diseases in industrialized and developing countries [1]
Five full-text articles were excluded for different reasons: one article was a systematic review, one article had no control group, one article reported other vitamin D receptor (VDR) polymorphisms, Children 2021, 8, x FOR PEER REVIEWand two articles reported VDR polymorphisms in adults
The pooled odds ratio (OR) for allele, homozygote, heterozygote, recessive, and dominant were 0.89. These results indicate that there was no association between the ApaI polymorphism and susceptibility to dental caries
Summary
Dental caries is considered a complex and multifactorial disease as well as one of the most common diseases in industrialized and developing countries [1]. The prevalence of dental caries is declining sharply, while in developing countries, it is increasing [1] Several genes such as genes included in enamel development, immune response, and saliva function can be associated with susceptibility to caries [5]. BsmI, TaqI, and ApaI polymorphisms were found to influence VDR protein structure, with FokI influencing the transcriptional activity translation [25]. The aim of this meta-analysis is to evaluate the association between these VDR polymorphisms (ApaI, FokI, TaqI, BsmI, and BglI) and susceptibility to dental caries in children
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