Abstract
In order to apply the most accurate and efficient locoregional techniques, the knowledge of the anatomical characteristics of the oro-maxilo-facial territory becomes imperatively necessary, without which the installation and the effect of the locoregional anaesthetics may be poor. Due to the many advantages it presents, locoregional anaesthesia is considered as a current use method during routine dental care. A good local or locoregional anaesthetic must be harmless to the tissues, must have no local or general toxicity, must lead to a high quality and durable anaesthetic, must not cause lesions to nerve endings, to be subject to dental surgery or of oral surgery, can be satisfactorily solved by using locoregional anaesthesia techniques, which are used successfully in patients with balanced psychic, who are calm and cooperative. A good anaesthesia suppresses pain, prevents pain-induced shock, and allows the dentist to work in optimal conditions. Although modern anaesthesia techniques have greatly changed the working environment in dental surgeries or outpatient facilities of oral and maxillo-facial surgery, emotion and anxiety, fears continue to exist in patients who will have to undergo care treatments. In order to apply the most accurate and effective locoregional anaesthetic techniques, the knowledge of the anatomical characteristics of oro-maxilo-facial territory becomes imperatively necessary, without which the location and effect of locoregional anaesthetics may be poor. The study includes 114 patients studied in the period 2015-2017 on which we used Stabident system intraosseous anaesthesia of company Fairfax under two available systems: Stabident Regular and Stabident Alternative. Intraosseous anaesthesia reduces the amount of injected anaesthesia, thus reducing the toxicity of anaesthetic procedures; this technique allows the use of vasoconstrictors for the immediate delivery of anaesthesia to the teeth affected by pulpitis without the risk of necrosis. Intraosseous anaesthesia is an anaesthesia technique similar to the ideal anaesthesia technique.
Highlights
As a medical discipline anaesthesiology was officially recognized as a speciality only in 1948, its discovery and development took place in three periods, with beginnings which are lost in antiquity
The pain control modalities must be directed both towards the sensory component as well as towards the affective and cognitive motivational dimensions of anaesthetic solution, which greatly reduces the likelihood of complications and toxicity generated by local anaesthetics
Intraosseous anaesthesia reduces the amount of anaesthesia injected, reducing the toxicity of anaesthetic procedures; this technique allows the use of vasoconstrictors for the immediate delivery of anaesthesia (Anderson, 2004)
Summary
In order to apply the most accurate and efficient locoregional techniques, the knowledge of the anatomical characteristics of the oro-maxilo-facial territory becomes imperatively necessary, without which the installation and the effect of the locoregional anaesthetics may be poor. The sensory trigeminal nerve with the three branches originates in the semilunar nodule of Gasser in the Mekeli cavum in the subduction of the dura mater, between the inner carotid and the cavernous sinus near the top of the cliff, where the cells of the first sensory neuron that receives the exteroceptive excitations are found and are led to the sensory nucleus of the bridge trigeminal which continues in the bulb and spinal cord (the first 3-4 cervical), forming an ascending root and a descending root These nuclei have lateral and posterior localization in relation to the motor nucleus in the lateral side of the bridge cross-section; the fibres cross one another forming the quinto-thalamic fascicle, which is added to the spinothalamic fascicle (ventral posteromedial nucleus) and by means of the thalamic-cortical fibres they reach the lateral parietal cover and the inferior part of the postcentral (parietal upward) circumvolution. 2 mm below the point where the horizontal line passing through the free gingival margin intersects the vertical line passing through the interdental papillae
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